There are three common types of conditional sentence. Test your understanding of conditional clauses with this grammar exercise. Conditional sentences type 2 refers to an action in the present that could happen if the present situation were different. Youre also going to see how it compares to the second conditional and other modal verbs we can use. The type 3 conditional refers to an impossible condition in the past and its probable result in the past. If you slept 8 hours every night, youd feel better.
If a certain condition is true, then a particular result happens. First conditional if the teacher gives us lots of homework this weekend, i wont be happy. A conditional sentence tells the conditions in which something happens. Mary couldnt have been the one who stole the money.
Example if i had a lot of money, i would travel around the world. You may have to rearrange the pronouns and adjust punctuation when you change the order of the clauses, but the meaning is identical. These types of conditions are used in three types of sentences, called first, second and third conditional sentences. Conditional exercise first second third conditionals. Complete the following sentences using your own words. Notice the correct way to structure second conditional sentences is to use the simple past tense in the ifclause and an auxiliary modal verb e. In simple terms, it shows a situation in a causeandeffect manner. Conditional sentences rewrite the following sentences. Kate has written a very good overview of conditional statements for this blog.
Conditional clauses express a condition something that must happen first so that something else can happen. If he trained every day, he could represent his country. My question is if the following sentence is also correct when you are not so sure about what you are going to do. Dec 17, 2015 conditional sentences in english grammar rules pdf published on thursday, december 17, 2015. If, as though, in case, as if, would that and i wish. Conditional statements are statements are sentences that express cause and effect.
And conditional or hypothetical statements can be made about the future. These sentences are truly hypothetical and unreal, because it is now too late for the condition or its result to exist. Note that first conditional forms with modals express ideas. Conditional sentences are sometimes confusing for learners of english as a second language. Conditional sentences consist of a main clause and a conditional clause sometimes called an ifclause. It is possible to reverse the condition and the result. See sentence 5 if the sentence is in completely present form then it can be in main clause simple present. Could is a modal verb used to express possibility or past ability as well as to make suggestions and requests. Jun 18, 2019 in this video lesson, youre going to learn how to use the third conditional and see plenty of example sentences so that you can better understand how to use it. Jun 12, 2017 second conditional with would, might, could 9 form 3.
Combine the sentences in each item into one sentence. We didnt see the two towers because the cinema was closed. First and second conditional university of cagliari. First and second conditional lingua house innovation in learning tm a a a a english grammar 4 practice 3 look at the situations below. She doesnt understand because you havent explained the situation to her. Third conditional if the weather hadnt been so cold, we would have gone to the beach.
I want to go to the beach tomorrow, so if the weather is good im certain that i will go. It is possible, though not common, to use the conditional should in place of the second conditional when an outcome is unlikely or impossible. How could we know if the modal is servingacting as the polite version of the modal verb can or servingacting to denote possibility. Theres another form, socalled past conditional, but its very rare in everyday communication.
The first conditional sentences are used to speculate about possible situations that can really happen at present or in future. A conditional sentence is a type of sentence that expresses a condition along with its proposed outcome. There are some special conditional forms for modal verbs in english. In real conditional sentences, we can use the present simple or present continuous in both clauses for present situations, and the past simple or past continuous in both clauses for. Second conditional o the second conditional is used to talk about impossible situations. The conditional clause usually begins with if or unless. Where possible, try to use other modal verbs instead of will or would, for example can, could, might, may.
Remind students that the verb following conditional should must be a base verb not a past verb. Conditional sentences in english grammar rules pdf. O for imaginative sentences with all subjects were will be use. Second conditional with would, might, could 9 form 3. Use the second conditional to talk about impossible, imaginary, or unlikely situations. A conditional sentence is a type of sentence that states a condition and the outcome of that condition occurring.
Conditional sentences can be factual, predictive, or speculative, which determines the form of the condition and the choice of verb tenses. Pdf conditional sentences second condition verb tenses. In english, most sentences using the conditional contain the word if. It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled. Conditional sentences rewrite the following sentences using the first and second conditional. Conditional sentence definition and examples examples. We are going to look at conditional sentences using the modals can, must, may and might, instead of will.
Complete the sentences below by making second conditional statements. May or might can also be used to substitute will in first conditional sentences. Conditional sentences with modal verbs aba journal. We can use modals other than would in the main clause of a sentence in the second conditional if no one was late, we could start the meeting on time. Oto write 1 3 sentences in the second conditional using your own ideas. Grammar and practice upperintermediate 1 8 type 3 linker ifclause main clause if supposing past. We can use could in the ifclause to express ability, possibility or permission id go to the beach with you if i could swim.
In conditional sentences instead of if we can also use. The conditional used with these modal verbs is usually the first conditional. It is sometimes possible if the could is being used as the polite form of can, not the past, like this. Conditional sentences help us state our opinions or sentiments on things that could have happened, could still happen or what we wish would happen in particular circumstances.
Nov 28, 2018 using would, could, and should in conditionals by david recine on february 9, 2015, updated on november 28, 2018, in grammar conditional statements are statements are sentences that express cause and effect. Grammar and mechanics understanding conditional sentences. Conditional sentences are made up of a dependent clause and an independent clause joined to express said condition. A collection of english esl worksheets for home learning, online practice, distance learning and english classes to teach about conditional, sentences, condi. Pdf an analysis of use of conditional sentences by arab students. Conditional clauses can also be used to talk about consequences, or to give an opinion about a situation in the. It shows a possible cause and effect situation in the form of an ifthen statementin fact, every conditional sentence has a clause beginning with if. Whenif you can afford it, could you lend me some money. We could spend another day here if we had more time. Could can be used instead of would to make the hypothetical present or future more likely.
Conditional sentences a conditional sentence is a type of sentence that states a condition and the outcome of that condition occurring. Feel free to leave a comment if you find any errors or if you have any suggestions to make to improve this lesson. Can we use the modal both in the ifclause and main clause for these what look to be first conditionals. There is always some implication of regret with type 3 conditional sentences. We use the conditional in english to talk about something that might happen if.
Complete conditional sentences contain a conditional clause often referred to as the ifclause and the consequence. If the bus is late, i ll be d be was late for school. Conditional clauses learning english grammar collins. To download and print this free pdf course, click here. There are 4 main types of if sentences in english, often called conditional sentences. In the future, we could combine the base form of the verb give, in this case with other modal verbs.
Pdf conditional sentences second condition verb tenses in. The conditional clause can come before or after the main clause. Decide if they are impossiblehypothetical or possible and form a conditional sentence for each one. When the if clause comes could spend another day first, a comma is used. The result clause tells the hypothetical or effect of the condition. As in all conditional sentences, the order of the clauses is not fixed. Oct 15, 2018 conditional sentences rules to download and print this free pdf course, click here. Conditional sentences let us express things that might or could have happened, could still happen, we wish could happen, or always happen in specific.
In conditional sentences after when dont use will shall. There are two parts to a second conditional sentence. We can use modals other than will in the main clause of a sentence in the first conditional if you ask george, he maymight be able to help you. They are used to express that the action in the main clause without if can only take place if a certain condition in the clause with if is fulfilled. The words can, shall and may cannot be used with would. Conditional sentences first condition future possible.
I dont really expect the situation to change because it is very unlikely. Conditional tenses are used to speculate about what could happen, what might have happened, and what we wish would happen. As kate says, there are four types of conditionals. The conditional and result clauses can be if we had more time, we in either order. Maymight in first conditional learnenglish languagewell. Its purpose is to indicate consequences, possibilities or conditions, when spoken in the present. Could is also commonly used in conditional sentences as the conditional form of can. Conditional sentences with modal verbs we are going to look at conditional sentences using the modals can, must, may and might, instead of will. Apr 30, 2017 conditional clauses express a condition something that must happen first so that something else can happen. See sentence 5 if the sentence is in completely present form then it can be inmain clause simple present. A conditional sentence is a sentence containing the word if. Many conditional forms in english are used in sentences that include verbs in one of the past tenses.
Circle the correct verb form to complete the conditional sentences. Ifconditionals exercises pdf sentences type 0, 1, 2, 3. Could you think of any situation where we could use should in the second or third conditional sentences. There are three main kinds of conditional sentences, usually called first, second, and. In zero conditional sentences, you can replace if with when, because both express general truths. The only thing that i could remember vividly is the fact that my profs. Alternate forms with other auxiliaries are also possible. I will give you a call, if i fly to phoenix tomorrow. Does the modal verb could in the following sentence, which seems to be a second conditional sentence, denote possibility. Finish the sentences with a clause in the correct conditional. Many conditional forms in english are used in sentences that. Conditional sentences are also known as conditional clauses or if clauses. Conditional sentences second condition verb tenses in second conditional sentences complete the following sentences using the correct form of the verb provided. Second conditional if she had her laptop with her, she would email.
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